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Subortdinate/Signing Certification Authority

Despliegue la máquina que estará siempre encendida o bien disponible en el entorno como entidad de certificación subordinada. Esta máquina será la que se use para firmar los certificados finales (equipo, servidor web, email).

mkdir /root/ca/intermediate
cd /root/ca/intermediate
mkdir certs crl csr newcerts private
chmod 700 private
touch subordinate-ca-database.txt
echo 1000 > serial
echo 1000 > /root/ca/intermediate/crlnumber

Ahora copie el fichero de configuración siguiente (es el mismo que la root-ca-openssl.conf pero con algunos cambios realizados) en el apartado ca_default.

Cambios en el fichero
[ CA_default ]
dir             = /root/ca/intermediate
database        = $dir/subordinate-ca-database.txt
private_key     = $dir/private/intermediate.key.pem
certificate     = $dir/certs/intermediate.cert.pem
crl             = $dir/crl/intermediate.crl.pem
policy          = policy_loose

Copie el contenido del fichero

Fichero sub-ca-openssl.conf
[ ca ]
# Indica que la policy a seguir esta en el apartado CA_default
default_ca = CA_default

[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir               = /root/caca/intermediate
certs             = $dir/certs
crl_dir           = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir     = $dir/newcerts
# Modificamos el nombre del fichero de la base de datos que hemos creado antes
database          = $dir/subordinate-ca-database.txt
serial            = $dir/serial
RANDFILE          = $dir/private/.rand

# The root key and root certificate.
private_key       = $dir/private/ca.intermediate.key.pem
certificate       = $dir/certs/ca.intermediate.cert.pem

# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber         = $dir/crlnumber
crl               = $dir/crl/ca.intermediate.crl.pem
crl_extensions    = crl_ext
default_crl_days  = 365

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
# Aumentamos a SHA512 para mayor seguridad y dificultad de colisiones.
default_md        = sha512

name_opt          = ca_default
cert_opt          = ca_default
# Cambiamos la duración del certificado, es la Root CA... vamos a darle 16 años
# es menos seguro, pero también menos trabajo para IT y si tenemos desconectada +
# y bien guardada la Root CA no debería ser problema.
default_days      = 5840
preserve          = no
policy            = policy_strictpolicy_loose

[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.

# La idea es que la Root CA solo sirva para firmar SUBCA de la misma empresa
# sin embargo si queremos tener varias subCA, podemos poner el Organization Name y otros
# parametros como optional
countryName             = match
stateOrProvinceName     = match
organizationName        = match
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.

countryName             = optional
stateOrProvinceName     = optional
localityName            = optional
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits        = 4096
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
string_mask         = utf8only

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md          = sha512

# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions     = v3_ca

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName                     = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName             = State or Province Name
localityName                    = Locality Name
0.organizationName              = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName          = Organizational Unit Name
commonName                      = Common Name
emailAddress                    = Email Address

# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default             = ES
stateOrProvinceName_default     = Barcelona
localityName_default            = Barcelona
0.organizationName_default      = GRG-CA
#organizationalUnitName_default =
#emailAddress_default           =


[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection

[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning

[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always

[ crl_info ]
URI.0 = http://pki.driverlandia.com/root-ca.crl
URI.1 = https://www.driverlandia.com/pki/root-ca.crl

Fuente: